Nozzle for carbon blaster



Oct. 11, 1955 2,720,057

R. J. PYCIAK NOZZLE FOR CARBON BLASTER Filed May 6, 1953 IN VEN TOR.

AOMfl/V J. P) 6714/? A 7 70/?15' VS United States Patent NOZZLE FORCARBON BLASTER Roman J. Pyciak, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Kent-MooreOrganization, Inc., Detroit, Mich., a corporation of MichiganApplication May '6, 1953, Serial No. 353,371

8 Claims. (Cl. 51-8) This invention relates to apparatus for removingcar bon from the head and adjacent inner wall surfaces of an internalcombustion engine cylinder, and more particularly to an improved blastnozzle assembly for such apparatus.

The apparatus with which my improved nozzle is intended to be used issimilar to that disclosed in the United States patent of George M.Graham, No. 2,651,887 dated September 15, 1953. The apparatus thereindisclosed comprises a blast nozzle that is manually held over the sparkplug opening of an internal combustion engine. Means are provided whichdeliver blast particles to the nozzle, which then directs the particlesagainst the surfaces of the combustion chamber dislodging the carbondeposits. The nozzle is so constructed that the dislodged carbon andspent blast particles are then exhausted through an opening in thenozzle that surrounds the opening through which the blast particlesentered the combustion chamber. The exhausted carbon and spent blastparticles are carried from the nozzle by a hose to a place where theyare either sifted for reuse of such blast particles as are still usable,or stored to be later discarded.

The present invention relates to improvements in the blast nozzle, andis an improvement upon the abovementioned Graham patent.

The delivery and exhaust nozzle shown in the abovementioned patent isprovided with a resilient, deformable, tubular end portion disposed onthe exhaust line of the nozzle. This end portion is manually held by theoperator against the outer surface of the cylinder surrounding the sparkplug opening. The delivery or blast line extends axially through theexhaust line and into the combustion chamber.

To direct the blast particles at all portions of the surfaces of thecombustion chamber, it is necessary to rock or tilt the delivery orblast line. To permit such tilting or rocking, the resilient end portionof the exhaust line bearing against the outer surface of the cylinder,must be deformable. However, there is a limit to the amount ofdeformation of such end portion before one edge of the end portion israised up off the surface of the cylinder. It has heretofore been foundthat in manipulation by a careless mechanic this limit has been exceededand one edge of the resilient end of the exhaust line has been raisedoff the outer surface of the cylinder. Due to such separation at oneside of the end of the nozzle from the cylinder face about the sparkplug opening, carbon par ticles and other waste materials that have beendislodged from the surfaces of the combustion chamber are blown out intothe atmosphere. Such carbon particles and waste materials, particularlywaste materials containing lead, constitute contaminants in theatmosphere which have been found exceedingly dangerous to the mechanicshealth.

An object of my invention is the provision of a nozzle which may beplaced in communication with the 2,720,057 Patented Oct. 11, 1955combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in a manner suchthat there is no escape of carbon or waste materials, air or spentblasting material, at the point of connection between the nozzle and thecombustion chamber and despite the fact that the delivery line may betwisted and turned or rocked during the blasting operation.

Another object is the provision of a nozzle which is readily attachableand detachable from the spark plug opening in the cylinder wall.

Still another object is the provision of a nozzle which is provided withan adapter element enabling the nozzle to be used on many differenttypes of engines and particularly where the spaces within which themechanic must work are confined or relatively inaccessible.

Other objects, advantages, and meritorious features will become morefully apparent from the following description, claims and accompanyingdrawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of an internal combustion engine, andmechanism coupled with my improved nozzle to carry out the removal ofcarbon from the combustion chamber walls;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross sectional view of my im proved nozzlemounted in a cylinder opening;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of my nozzle taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 shows a modified form of the resistingly deformable tubularsection of my nozzle.

The schematically shown internal combustion engine in Fig. l is providedwith a cylinder 10, and cylinder head 12. My improved nozzle, generallyindicated as 13, is adapted to be coupled to the cylinder head at thespark plug opening 14 which is usually provided with a counterboreportion 16 having a floor 18. Generally shown at 20 is a containerhousing the following elements and which are more particularly describedin the abovementioned Graham patent: a blast particle or granulereceptacle having an outlet line 22 leading out through the wall andcoupled with the flexible hose 24 which is connected to my improvednozzle; an air pressure line leading to the receptacle and adapted todirect a jet of air therethrough in a manner such that the blastparticles are entrained and carried by the air out through line 22 andthence by the hose 24 to the nozzle; and a used granule and dislodgedcarbon basket, or as might be termed, waste basket, which receives thegranules from the exhaust hose 26 leading from my nozzle, and either maysift the granules for reuse or merely store the granules until laterdiscarded.

Therefore, it is now apparent that blast medium comprising an air streamand blast particles entrained thereby, pass out of the container 20,through hose 24 to my nozzle and into the combustion chamber of thecylinder 10. The blast particles and air then pass out of the combustionchamber, along with carbon particles and other Waste materials dislodgedfrom the combustion chamber walls, through the exhaust line of mynozzle, and by means of hose 26 are led to the waste basket withincontainer 20.

In carrying out the objects of my invention, the improved nozzle shownin the various figures of the drawings comprises a generally Y-shapedtubular body member 28 formed of metal or other rigid material. Onebranch, 30, is adapted to be received within the flexible granuleexhaust hose 26. The passageway 32 through branch 30, leading downwardlyto the lower edge 34 of the body portion, may be termed the granuleexhaust line. Adjacent the lower edge 34 of the body, it is shaped toexhibit an annular lip or flange 36 adapted to be yieldingly grippinglyreceived within a complementary groove V-shaped in cross section, formedin the resistingly deformable or flexible neck portion 38 of the adapter40.

The resistingly deformable or flexible neck portion 40 of the, adapteris formed of rubber or resilient plastic material of a character suchthat it may be laterally bent or twisted substantially without releasingthe grip upon the lip 36 of tubular body 28. By virtue of the engagementof the lip 36 and the groove formed in the flexible neck member 40, andthe gripping action of the neck 40 upon the end of the tubular body 28,an air tight seal between the neck and the tubular body 28 is realized.It should benoted that the tubular body 28 is shaped as at 41 to providea shoulder which bears against the upper end of the flexible neck. Theadapter which, when connected to the tubular body, forms a continuationof the, exhaust line, comprises a rigid tubular member or nipple 42adapted to be threadedly received within the spark plug opening. Anannular flange 44 encircles the nipple intermediate the opposite endsthereof. The end of the member opposite the threaded end is serrated asat 46 to be grippingly engaged within the lower end of the flexible neck38. O-ring gaskets 48 encircle the nipple '42 and abut the flange 44 tobe compressed between it and the floor 18 of the counterbore when thenipple is threaded into the spark plug opening, thereby effecting anairtight seal between the combustion chamber and the exhaust line.

. To insure the requisite flexibility and still provide sufficientstrength in the walls of the neck to accomplish the connection betweenit and the tubular body 28, the neck is slightly tapered as shown inFig. 2. The adapter 40 therefore assumes the character of an airtight,resistingly deformable or flexible coupling between the body member 28,or discharge line 32, and the combustion chamber of the cylinder in theinternal combustion engine.

Axially received through the other branch 50 of the member 28 is thegranule delivery line 52 shaped at its lower end to form a spout ornozzle 54, bent and shaped to project the blast granules against thesurfaces of the combustion chamber. Adjacent the lower end 54 of thedelivery line and extending part way upwardly along its length is atapered portion 56, so shaped for a purpose hereinafter disclosed. Theupper end of the delivery line is threaded as at 58 to receive the locknuts 60 and 62.

Intermediate such threaded portion and the tapered portion, the deliveryline is polished so as to form an airtight, yet slidable joint, betweenit and three felt washers or the like similarly numbered 64 disposedwithin a counterbore 66 in the branch 50 of the body 28. Bottomed withinthe counterbore 66 is a steel washer 68, adapted to prevent erosion ofthe felt washers by action of the granules passing upwardly through theexhaust line. A. packing nut 70 threadedly received within the branch 50is adapted to seal the felt washers against the polished surface of thedelivery line.

The nut or sleeve 62 within which the upper end of the delivery line isthreadedly received has a tapered bore 72 which narrows to a cylindricalbore communicating with the end of the delivery line. The opposite endsof the nut 62 exhibit annular flanges 74 and 76. Flange 76 is adapted tobe grippingly received within the hose 24 and flange 74 is provided toabut the end of the hose. Encircling the hose is a clamp 78 providedwith tightening means 80. Overlying the upper edge of the clamp andsecured thereto is a plate 82, shaped as shown in Fig. 3 and providedupon its upper face with a sponge rubber disk 84, adapted to provide asoft bumper for the operators fingers. The plate 82 is shaped in theform of a pointer, and by means of adjustment of the lock nut 60 thespout 54 may be aligned to direct a jet of blast granules in the generaldirection of the pointer.

As is now apparent, when the operator grasps the hose 24 adjacent thedisk 84 he may twist, turn, or incline the delivery line and direct ajet of blast granules against all 4. the surfaces of the combustionchamber., He may also push the delivery line further down into thecombustion chamber or draw it up. By virtue of the tapered portion 56 ofthe delivery line, the line may be inclined to a substantial degree.

In order to disconnect the body 38 from the adapter, it is onlynecessary to severely incline the body and forcefully withdraw ittherefrom. The reverse procedure will serve to connect the two.

Shown in Fig. 4 is a modified form of neck 38. In this embodiment theneck 38a. is longer than the previously described neck, and is providedwithin its bore with a tubular member 86, the opposite ends of which arespaced from the nipple 42 and the lower edge 34 of body 28. This tubularmember 86 is formed of rigid material and is adapted to reinforce theneck 38a so that throughout such intermediate portion the neck isrelatively stiff. By virtue of the spacing of the ends of the member 86from nipple 42 and the lower edge 34 of the body member, substantiallythe same flexibility of movement is obtained as with the previouslydescribed embodiment. The embodiment of Fig. 4 is particularly wellsuited for use with engines where the spark plug opening is inaccessiblewith the shorter form of adapter.

From the foregoing description it is apparent that I have described anozzle which, when coupled with the spark plug opening, is sustained insuch position without the operators attendance and which at all timesduring the nozzles use seals the connection therebetween, therebypreventing the escape into the atmosphere surrounding the operator ofany of the spent blast granules, dislodged carbon, or waste materials.

What I claim is:

1. A carbon blasting machine nozzle assembly for removing carbon fromthe combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having aninternally threaded spark plug opening comprising, in combination: atubular body member, an exhaust hose coupled with one end of the bodymember providing a continuation of the passageway therethrough, atubular part coupled with the other end of the body member and providinga continuation of the passageway therethrough, said tubular partprovided at its outer end with an externally threaded tip adapted to bethreadedly sealingly received within the spark plug opening forming analigned non-displaceable continuation of the passageway through theopening into the tubular part, a granule delivery conduit extendinglinearly through said body member and tubular part and journaled forrotation within the body member, said tubular part being flexiblebetween its tip and said body member to permit tilting of the bodymember and the granule delivery conduit with respect to the tip when thetip is threadedly sealingly held within the spark plug opening.

2. A carbon blasting machine nozzle assembly for removing carbon fromthe combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having aninternally threaded spark plug opening comprising, in combination: atubular body member, an exhaust hose coupled with one end of the bodymember providing a continuation of the passageway therethrough, atubular part sealingly releasably coupled with the other end of the bodymember and providing a continuation of the passageway therethrough, saidtubular part provided at its outer end with an externally threaded tipadapted to be threadedly sealingly received within the spark plugopening, a granule delivery conduit extending linearly through said bodymember and tubular part and journaled for rotation within the bodymember, said tubular part being flexible between its tip and said bodymember to permit tilting of the body member and the granule deliveryconduit with respect to the tip when the tip is threadedly sealinglyheld within the spark plug opening.

3. A nozzle assembly as defined in claim numbered 2 characterized inthat the body member is rotatably supported on the tubular part andsealingly coupled therewith for rotation with respect to the tubularpart.

4. A carbon blasting machine nozzle assembly for removing carbon fromthe combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having aninternally threaded spark plug opening comprising, in combination: atubular body member, an exhaust hose coupled with one end of the bodymember providing a continuation of the passageway therethrough, saidbody and tubular part exhibiting cooperating rib and groove equipmentsadapted to resistingly hold the body and tubular part together, saidtubular part provided at its outer end with an externally threaded tipadapted to be threadedly sealingly received within the spark plugopening forming an aligned nondisplaceable continuation of thepassageway through the opening into the flexible tubular part, a granuledelivery conduit extending linearly through said body member and tubularpart and journaled for rotation Within the body member, said tubularpart being flexible between its tip and said body member to permittilting of the body member and the granule delivery conduit with respectto the tip when the tip is threadedly sealingly held within the sparkplug opening.

5. A carbon blasting machine nozzle assembly for removing carbon fromthe combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having aninternally threaded spark plug opening comprising, in combination: atubular body member, an exhaust hose coupled with one end of the bodymember providing a continuation of the passageway therethrough, atubular part releasably coupled with the other end of the body memberand providing a continuation of the passageway therethrough, saidtubular part provided at its outer end with an externally threaded tipadapted to be threadedly sealingly received Within the spark plugopening, a granule delivery conduit extending through said body memberand tubular part and journaled for rotation within the body member andfor axial slidable movement to project its outer end beyond the tip ofthe tubular part after the part and body are connected together and toWithdraw said outer end into said tip and into proximity with the bodymember when the part and body member are being connected to ordisconnected from each other, said tubular part being flexible betweenits tip and said body member to permit tilting of the body member andthe granule delivery conduit with respect to the tip when the tip isthreadedly sealingly held within the spark plug opening.

6. A nozzle assembly as defined in claim numbered 5 characterized inthat the granule delivery conduit has an outer end which is directedsubstantially radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of theconduit and extends radially for a distance less than the diameter ofthe passageway through the flexible tubular part, such that the end ofthe conduit may be completely withdrawn into the flexible tubular partand disposed against the end of the body member.

7. A nozzle assembly as defined in claim numbered 5 characterized inthat the granule delivery conduit has an outer end which is directedsubstantially radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of theconduit and the condnit is tapered from a point spaced inwardly of itsouter end to said outer end and is capable of being withdrawn throughthe tubular part.

8. A carbon blasting machine nozzle assembly for removing carbon fromthe combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having athreaded spark plug opening comprising: a body assembly having a firstbranch conduit adapted to be coupled with an exhaust hose, said assemblyhaving a second branch conduit, a tubular adapter element flexible atspaced points throughout its length and provided at one end with a rigidthreaded portion adapted to be threadedly received with in the sparkplug opening with the other end of the adapter yieldably releasablyreceived over the second branch conduit, means disposed within theflexible adapter to rigidify the same and spaced from the second branchconduit at one end and spaced from the rigid threaded portion at theother end to permit flexing of the adapter within such spaces, and agranule delivery line received through the assembly and extendingthrough the flexible adapter to extend into the combustion chamber.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS197,560 Meehan Nov. 27, 1877 580,372 Chamberlin Apr. 13, 1897 714,508Moser Nov. 25, 1902 847,269 Wise Mar. 12, 1907 1,230,654 Berry June 19,1917 1,347,035 Hendron July 20, 1920 1,731,915 Watkins Oct. 15, 19291,903,016 Thomas Mar. 28, 1933 2,270,371 Frazier Jan. 20, 1942 2,651,887Graham Sept. 15, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 821,452 Germany 1951

